Summary about Disease
Breast engorgement is a condition where the breasts become painfully overfull of milk. It typically occurs in the early postpartum period, when milk production is increasing to meet the needs of the newborn. It can also happen later if breastfeeding is stopped abruptly or if the baby isn't feeding effectively. While usually temporary, it can cause significant discomfort and, if not addressed, may lead to complications such as mastitis or decreased milk supply.
Symptoms
Breasts that are hard, swollen, and painful to the touch
Breasts that feel warm or hot
Throbbing pain in the breasts
Flattening of the nipples
Slight fever (low grade)
Skin on the breasts that is tight or shiny
General discomfort and fatigue Possible swollen lymph nodes in the armpit
Causes
Initial milk production: As the body transitions from producing colostrum to mature milk.
Infrequent or ineffective feedings: If the baby is not nursing frequently enough or is not latching correctly, milk may build up in the breasts.
Abruptly stopping breastfeeding: Sudden cessation of breastfeeding without gradually weaning the baby.
Oversupply of milk: Some women naturally produce more milk than their baby needs.
Restricting feeding times: Following a rigid feeding schedule instead of feeding on demand.
Supplementing with formula: Decreases the frequency of breastfeeding, which can lead to engorgement.
Medicine Used
Pain relievers: Over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen or acetaminophen can help manage pain and reduce inflammation.
Topical treatments: Cool compresses or cabbage leaves placed on the breasts can provide temporary relief. Important Note: There are no medications specifically prescribed to "cure" engorgement. Treatment focuses on relieving symptoms and facilitating milk removal.
Is Communicable
No, breast engorgement is not a communicable or contagious condition. It is a physiological response to changes in milk production and breast tissue.
Precautions
Frequent breastfeeding/milk removal: Nurse the baby frequently (every 1-3 hours) or express milk if the baby is not feeding well.
Proper latch: Ensure the baby has a good latch to effectively remove milk.
Avoid overfilling: Don't wait too long between feedings.
Gentle massage: Gently massage the breasts towards the nipple during feeding or pumping to help with milk flow.
Cool compresses: Apply cool compresses or ice packs to the breasts after feeding to reduce swelling and pain.
Cabbage leaves: Place chilled cabbage leaves inside your bra (avoid the nipple area) for 20-30 minutes at a time to help reduce swelling.
Supportive bra: Wear a well-fitting, supportive bra (but not too tight).
How long does an outbreak last?
Breast engorgement typically lasts for 24-48 hours, especially during the initial period of milk coming in. If caused by less frequent feeding or weaning, it usually resolves within a few days with proper management.
How is it diagnosed?
Breast engorgement is typically diagnosed based on a physical examination and the reported symptoms. A doctor or lactation consultant can assess the breasts and inquire about breastfeeding patterns to confirm the diagnosis.
Timeline of Symptoms
Day 1-3 postpartum: Milk production increases rapidly and engorgement may begin.
24-48 hours: Engorgement typically peaks.
Following days: With frequent milk removal, symptoms gradually subside.
If unmanaged, discomfort and hardness can persist, potentially leading to complications.
Important Considerations
Seek guidance from a lactation consultant for latch and feeding techniques.
Don't skip feedings to "save up" milk.
Watch for signs of mastitis (fever, redness, warmth) and seek medical attention if suspected.
Gradually wean the baby if stopping breastfeeding to avoid engorgement.
Engorgement can happen at any point in breastfeeding, not just at the beginning.
Hand expression can be more comfortable than using a pump when breasts are very engorged.